Unit 3 Protecting our selves【难句·剖析·拓展】1、Aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is caused by a virus called HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which enters a person’s blood and attacks the body’s immune system. 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷 综合症)是由一种被称为HIV(人类免疫缺陷病毒)的病毒引起的,这种病毒进入人体血液并破坏人体免疫系统。【剖析】1)called HIV 是过去分词短语作定语,修饰 virus. 2)which enters a person’s blood and attacks the body’s immune system 是非限制性定语从句,修饰 HIV.【拓展】1)过去分词作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在所修饰词的后面。 2)非限制性定语从句通常对先行词起补充说明作用,用逗号与主句分开。2、Although many people are familiar with Aids and how it is transmitted, more than a few people subscribe to the view that HIV and Aids are an African problem because the infection rates there are very high. 虽然很多人都熟悉艾滋病及其传播方式,还是有不少人赞成这样的观点:艾滋病毒和艾滋病是非洲的问题,因为那里的感染率非常高。【 剖 析 】 1 ) Although many people are familiar with Aids and how it is transmitted 是让步状语从句,how it is transmitted 和 Aids 一并作介词with 的宾语。 2)that HIV and Aids are an African problem 是同位语从句,说明 view 的具体内容。 3)because the infection rates there are very high 是原因状语从句。【拓展】1)在让步状语从句中,although 与 but 不可同时使用。 2)在 that 引导的同位语从句中,that 只起连接作用,在句中不做句子成分,一般不能省略;在 that 引导的定语从句中,that 除起连接作用外,在句子中作主语或宾语,作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可省略。3、It is estimated that between 2000 and 2020, over 68 million people will die of Aids in the countries most affected by this epidemic. 人们估计,从 2000 年2020 年,在受艾滋病影响重的国家中将有超过六千八百万人死于这种疾病。【剖析】1)it 是形式主语,that 从句是真正的主语。 2 ) ...