module 4 A social survey My neighbourbood Grammar 学案一.确定目标★知识目标：★短语：so far，up to now，till now，pay back 语法：现在完成时★能力目标：掌握现在完成时和一般过去时的区别★情感目标：通过小组学习培养合作意识和对英语的兴趣。二．基础自学用以下短语填空so far for a long time up to now in the past ten years since then1. Great! I’ve been longing to visit the exhibition on the western artists .2. as I know, everybody wants to be a model student.3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown. 4. I’ve never met him.5. Things have not change very much .三．情景解疑现在完成时1. 构成：has / had + 动词的过去分词2. 基本用法： ①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。②表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（可能还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。3. 时间状语：just, recently, so far, up to now, till now, in the past, ever, never, for, since, these days, this year, now 等。4. 短暂性动词和延续性动词： 短暂性动词用于完成时态时，不表示延续概念，不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用心 爱心 专心用相应的延续性动词替换。常见的有：buy →have, borrow →keep, leave →be away, die →be dead, return →be back, put on →wear, catch a cold →have a cold, fall asleep →be asleep【例】— —Since two years ago.A. How long have you joined Greener China?B. How long did you join Greener China?C. When did you join Greener China?D. How long have you been with Greener China? 解析：Since two years ago.表示的是时间段，因此问话问的应该是多长时间，答案在 A，B 和D 之间选。由于动词 join 是短暂性动词，无延续性，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，故选 D。四．合作探究【思考】读下列例句，说说一般过去时和现在完成时的区别是什么？① The light has gone out.② The light went out. 五．巩固检测1. —I’m sorry to keep you waiting. —Oh, not at ...
