AttributiveclauseLesson8TeachingAimsandDemands1.Getthestudentstoknowtherelativeadv.“when”and“where”.Theimportantpoints1.Thefunctionsof“where”and“when”usedintheattributiveclause,andthelanguagesituationsaboutit.2.Thecharactersoftheantecedentofthem.ThedifficultpointsWhenwecan’tusewhenandwhere,thoughtheantecedentisconvinent.TeachingMethodsCommunicationwayofteaching,discussionandgroupwork.（二）关系副词关系副词wherewhenwhy引导定语从句。另外that也可以充当关系副词来引导定语从句。关系副词引导定语从句在非正式文体中可以被省略.1、关系副词where.当先行词是表示地点的名词，如place,room，mountain，airport,house,school,country等，同时关系词又在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词where引导,并可引导非限定性定语从句。Helookedatthetablewhereabookwasplaced.(where=onthetable)Onemorning,anelephantwasleddowntheroadwheretheystood.(where=ontheroad)1)通常，引导定语从句的where大都可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式Helookedatthetableonwhich\whereabookwasplaced.Thisistheplaceatwhich\wherewemetyesterday.2)“from+where”可以引导定语从句,这时where是名词,做from的宾语.这种结构并不常见.Hestoodbythewindow,fromwherehecouldseenothingbuttrees.Herhandwasstuckoutofthesecondstoreywindowfromwhereshecouldpicktheapplesonthetrees.3)当表示地点的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不是用where。试比较：TheYangtzeGorgesisabeautifulplace(that／which)peopleallovertheworldlookforwardtovisiting．长江三峡是个美丽的地方，全世界的人都渴望来参观。TheYangtzeRiverisourmotherriverwheretheChinesepeoplehavecreatedthebrilliantChinesecivilization．长江是我们的母亲河，中华民族在那里创造了灿烂的华夏文明。在第一句的定语从句中，visiting是一个及物动词，必须带宾语，而关系副词where不能作宾语，所以只能用which或that引导，而且二者可以省略；在第二句的定语从句中，不缺主语、宾语、表语，所以用where作状语。2、关系副词when引导的定语从句当先行词是表示时间的名词，如time，day，year，month，week,morning,minute等，同时关系词又在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句需要用关系副词when引导。并可引导非限定性定语从句。ThedaywhenImethimfirstwasMay1st.Thatafternoonwhen\inwhichheleftwassnowy1）与where一样，引导定语从句的when也可以转换成“介词＋which”的形式。例如：Thedayonwhich\whenImethimfirstwasMay1st.ThatafternoonheleftwassnowyAlltheChinese,athomeandabroad,willforeverrememberthedatewhen／onwhichtheRedFive--StarFlagwasraisedinHongKong．海内外的所有华人都不会忘记五星红旗在香港的土地上升起时的日子2)先行词如果是bythetime,fromthetime.anytime,eachtime,everytime,themoment,allthetime.theday.theweek.themonth.theyear.等，其后接的定语从句往往省去关系副词when,也可以用that引导,如：Bythetime(when\that)hewasten,hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimself.I’mthinkingaboutyouallthetime(when\that)youareaway.Themoment(that／when)Iturnedround，shehadleftanddisappearedinthecrowd．这时的定语从句（省略了when或that），实际上已经是一个由名词短语或是介词短语引导的时间状语从句了。3)当表示时间的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不是用when。例如：Thefilmremindedmeofthosemiserabledays(that／which)Ispentinmychildhood．这部电影使我想起了我童年时代度过的那些苦难日子。
