定语从句一、概念在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.其中被修饰名词即theoldman称为先行词，引导定语从句并在其中充当句子一个成分的词称为关系词(如上句中的who/whom/that)。二、用法定语从句常用引导词有：that,which,who,whose,as,where,when,why。1．that指人或物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)IlikethebooksthatwerewrittenbyLuXun.Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisourmonitor.2．which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?3．who指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)ThemanwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisMrBrown.HeisthemanwhoIwanttoworkwith.4．whose指人或物，作定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“of＋关系代词”。MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblack.5．注意that和which的区别(1)先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing,something,no,some,any,few,one等时，关系代词只能用that。Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople.(2)先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，用that。Thisisthebestbook(that)I'veeverread.(3)先行词被序数词或者theonly(唯一的)，thevery(正是那个)，thelast修饰时，用that。ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel.(4)如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，定语从句的关系代词只能用that。Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout.(5)以疑问词(who,which,what)开头的疑问句，为避免重复，用that。Whichisthebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary?(6)关系代词放在介词之后，指物时只能用which，不能用that。Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked.(7)非限制性定语从句中，指代物或一种情况时，用which，不能用that。Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun.Thebabywasill,whichmadethemotherveryworried.6.关系代词as的用法:（1）用于引导限制性定语从句，主要与such,as,thesame连用。He’snotsuchafoolashelooks.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespectasyoushowme.Hesmokesasexpensiveacigaretteashecanafford.(2)用于引导非限制性定语从句，根据情况可位于主句之前或之后，有时也可插在主句中间。Heislate,asisoftenthecase.Asisusualwithchildren,theysoongottired.David,asyouknow,hasnotbeenwelllately.7．关系副词when引导定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。Nextmonth,whenyou'llspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.8．关系副词where引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.9．关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语。Hedidn'ttellmethereasonwhyhewassoupset.10.限制性定语从句(介词＋which/whom)“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种，是我们学习定语从句的重点，也是高考的常考点。这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which和whom。先行词是物时，用介词＋which；是人时，用介词＋whom。介词后面的关系代词不能省略。1)．注意介词的选取：(1)根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。Icalledhimbythewrongname,forwhichIshouldapologize.Whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?(2)根据定语从句意思的需要，不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?(3)根据意思也可用复杂介词，如：bymeansof，asaresultof，infrontof，inthebackof，allof，mostof，noneof，thetallerof等。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.Therearefortystudentsintheclassroom,allofwhomareworkinghardatadifficultprobleminmathematics.2)．注意代词的选取：在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语...
