Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight●Grammarandusage1.Thesentencebeginswithanegativewordoranegativephrase…(P40)这个句子以一个否定词或短语开头……begin(beginning,began,begun)v.[IorT]tostarttobe,do,etc:Ibeganthebooksixmonthsago,butIcan'tseemtofinishit.Ihavesomuchtotellyou,Idon'tknowwheretobegin.Whattimedoestheconcertbegin?Thebridgewasbegunfiveyearsagoandtheestimatedcosthasalreadydoubled.Thefilmtheywanttowatchbeginsatseven.Ifyouwanttolearntoplayamusicalinstrument,itmightbeagoodideatobeginonsomethingsimple.Theword'cat'beginswiththeletter'c'.Themeetingbeganpromisingly,butthenthingsstartedtogowrong.[+ingformofverb]Janehasjustbegunlearningtodrive.[+toinfinitive]Afterwaitingforhalfanhourshewasbeginningtogetangry.[+speech]"Well,"hebegan(=startedbysaying)."Idon'tquiteknowhowtotellyouthis."beginnern.[C]Thisclassisforbeginners(=peoplewhoarejuststartingtodotheactivity)only.beginningn.[Cusuallysingular;U]Notesonhowtousethisdictionarycanbefoundatthebeginningofthebook.Shesatdownandreadthebookstraightthroughfrombeginningtoend.Ienjoyedmyjobat/inthebeginning(=whenIstartedit),butI'mboredwithitnow.Thecityhaditsbeginnings(=origins)inRomantimes.tobeginwith1)atthebeginningofaprocess,eventorsituation:Thereweresixofustobeginwith,thentwopeopleleft.2)usedtogivethefirstimportantreasonforsth.:Thehotelwasawful!Tobeginwith,ourroomwasfartoosmall.Thenwefoundthattheshowerdidn'twork.2.Wantingtostayinahotelinanoldcastle,wetriedtomakereservation.(P41)因为想住在一家古城堡的旅馆,我们想办法去预定房间。reservationn.1)[Cusuallyplural;U]adoubtorfeelingofnotbeingabletoagreewithoracceptsth.completely:Workersandemployeesshareddeepreservationsaboutthewisdomofthegovernment'splansfortheindustry.Heacceptedmyadvicewithoutreservation.用心爱心专心2)[CorU]whenyouarrangetohavesth.suchasaseatonanaircraftoratableatarestaurantkeptforyou:I'dliketomakeatablereservationfortwopeoplefor9o'clock.PleaseconfirmyourreservationinwritingbyFriday.3)[C]anareaoflandmadeavailableforaparticulargroupofpeopletolivein:ThefamilylivesonaNativeAmericanreservation.4)[C](ALSOreserve,USALSOpreserve)anareaoflandinwhichwildanimalsareprotected:He'sthechiefwardenofabig-gamereservation.reservev.[T]1)tokeepsth.foraparticularpurposeortime:IreserveMondaysfortidyingmydeskandansweringletters.Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.Ireservejudgmentonthisissue(=Iwon'tgiveanopiniononitnow)untilwehavemoreinformation.2)Ifyoureservesth.suchasaseatonanaircraftoratableatarestaurant,youarrangeforittobekeptforyouruse:IreservedadoubleroomattheLambHotel.[+twoobjects]Ifyougetthereearly,reservemeaseat/reserveaseatforme.n.1)[CorU]whenyoukeepsth.orasupplyofsth.untilitisneeded,orasupplythatyoukeep:Shekeepsalittlemoneyinreserve(=foruseifandwhenneeded).Thelibrarianhasputthebookonreserveforme(=willkeepitformewhenitbecomesavailable).Westillhaveareserveoffood/foodreservesincaseofemergency.2)[C](ALSOreservation,USALSOpreserve)anareaoflandkeptinitsnaturalstate,especiallyforwildanimalstoliveintobeprotected:anature/game/wildlifereserve3)[C]insports,anextraplayerwhoisreadytoplayifneeded:Wehadtworeservesincaseanyonewasinjured.thereservespluralnounagroupofpeoplewhoarenotpermanentlyinthearmedforcesbutareusedonlyifneeded:Theywillcallupthereserves.reservedadj.MayIsithere,oristhisseat/tablereserved?3.However,thathotelwasbookedfull.(P41)然而，那家旅馆已预定满了。bookv.[IorT]toarrangetohaveaseat,room,entertainer,etc.ataparticulartimeinthefuture:[+twoobjects]I'vebookedustwoticketstosee'Carmen'/I'vebookedtwoticketsforustosee'Carmen'.She'dbookedatableforfourattheirfavouriterestaurant.WillbookedaseatontheeveningflighttoEdinburgh.Wewereadvisedtobookearlyifwewantedtogetaroom.Theybookedajazzbandfortheirwedding.Thehotel/restaurant/theatreisfullybooked(up)(=alltherooms/tables/ticketshavebeentaken).用心爱心专心I'dliketogobutI'mafraidI'mbookedup(=Ihavearrangedtodootherthings)untiltheweekend.bookableadj.bookableseatsbookingn.[C]Wemadethebookingthreemonthsago.Julianwasillsowehadtocancelthebooking.Theshowhadalreadytaken£4millioninadvancebookings.Ifilledinthebookingformandsentitoff.4.Hardlyhadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadforgottenourmapintheroom.(P41)第二天早上我们一离开宿舍就意识到我们把地图忘记在房间里了。hardly几乎不,是否定词，放在句首,句子主谓部分倒装。hardly…when…一……就……HardlyhadhecomebackwhenItoldhimthenews.Forreference表示“一…就…”的词或短语如下：assoonas;immediately;themoment;directly;theminute/second;nosooner…than;instantly;scarcely…when等。用心爱心专心
