图书分类号:密级:毕业设计(论文)基于单片机的直流电机调速系统设计Dcmotorspeedcontrolsystemdesignbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputer学生姓名李亚妮学院名称信电工程学院专业名称电子信息科学与技术指导教师田大伟2011年5月25日I摘要本课题是对直流电机PWM调速器设计的研究,主要实现对电动机的控制。因此在设计中,对直流调速的原理,直流调速控制方式以及调速特性,PWM基本原理及实现方式进行了全面的阐述。为实现系统的微机控制,在设计中,采用了AT89S52单片机作为整个控制系统的控制电路的核心部分,配以各种显示,驱动模块,实现对电动机的转速的显示和测量;由命令输入模块,光电隔离模块及H型驱动模块组成。采用带中断的独立式键盘作为命令的输入,单片机在程序的控制下,不断给H型驱动电路发送PWM波形,使完成电机的正反转控制。在设计中,采用PWM调速方式,通过改变PWM的占空比从而改变电动机的电枢电压,进而实现对电动机的调速。设计的整个控制系统,在硬件结构上采用了大量的集成电路模块,大大的简化了硬件电路,提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性,使整个系统的性能得到提高。关键词AT89S52单片机;PWM基本原理;H型驱动电路IIAbstractThistopicisontheresearchofthedcmotorPWMspeedcontrollerdesign,themainimplementationofthecontrolofthemotorsointhedesign,principleofdcspeedcontrol,dcspeedcontrolandspeedcontrolcharacteristic,thebasicprincipleofPWMandimplementationapproacharecomprehensivelydescribed.Fortherealizationofthesystemofmicrocomputercontrol,inthedesign,adoptedAT89S52singlechipmicrocomputerasthecorepartofthewholecontrolcircuitofthecontrolsystem,matchwithallkindsofdisplay,drivermodule,realizedisplayandmeasurementoftherotationalspeedofthemotor;Bythecommandinputmodule,photoelectricisolationmoduleandHdrivermodule.Adoptindependenttypekeyboardwithinterruptionascommandinput,monolithicintegratedcircuitunderthecontroloftheprogram,constantlysendHdrivecircuitPWMwaveform,thecompletemotorandreversingcontrolinthedesign,usingPWMspeedcontrolmode,bychangingthePWMdutycycletochangethearmaturevoltageofthemotor,andthenrealizetothespeedofthemotor.Onthedesignofthewholecontrolsystem,thehardwarestructurebyalargenumberofintegratedcircuitmodule,greatlysimplifythehardwarecircuit,improvethestabilityandreliabilityofthesystem,improvetheperformanceofthewholesystemKeywordsAT89S52singlechipmicrocomputerPulseWidthModulationBasicprincipleHdrivecircuitI目录1绪论.............................................................................................................................................61.1单片机简介............................................................................................................................61.2选题的目的和意义................................................................................................................81.3研究背景与方法....................................................................................................................82硬件系统设计...............................................................................................................................92.1技术基础................................................................................................................................92.1.1直流电机的结构...........................................................................................................92.1.2直流电机的工作原理.................................................................................................102.1.3直流电机的主要的技术参数.........................................