PartVITranslation(20minutes，10points)Directions：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese．WriteyouranswerOntheAnswerSheet．Physicistswerethinkingfaraheadoftheirtimeinaveryintelligentway．Theysawwhatwasgoingtohappenbeforeitactuallydid.Theythoughtaboutmoderncomputinginthe1950s，theyimaginedalotofthetechnologicalprogressthatwewouldseeonlydecadeslaterintherealworld．Theywereaskingverytheoreticalquestionsbecausetheseideaswerestillsofarremovedformpractice．Andtheyaskedverymoralquestionsaswell，becausethethingstheyconceptualizedcouldbeusedforgreatgoodorforgreatevil．Itcouldgoeitherway，somoraljudgmentshadtobemade．PartVITranslation(20minutes，10points)物理学家才思敏慧，所思所想远超他们所处的年代。他们能洞见即将发生之事。他们预见了20世纪50年代的现代计算技术，并想象到了我们几十年以后才看到的许多技术进展。他们提出实际生活中还未见端倪的理论性很强的问题，同时也提出了道德性很强的问题，因为在他们头脑中形成的概念性东西其用途不分善恶。既然善恶两可，这些概念性东西就需要道德来对它们进行评判。PartVITranslation(20minutes,10points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Manysaythatthetransitiontoalowcarboneconomyoffersthegreatesteconomicopportunitieseverknown.Atthestartoftheinformationrevolution,fewwouldhaveguessedatjusthowwidespreadandprofoundtheeffectwouldbeonsociety,todaywecanbarelyimaginelifewithoutmoderninformationtechnology.CompanieslikeGoogle,Yahoo!andAmazonaresomeofthemostsuccessfulcompaniesintheworld.Wearenowatthestartofthelowcarbonrevolutionandthosethathavestartedontheirlowcarbonjourneyalreadyareseeingbenefitssuchasnewmarketsandcustomersandreducedbillsandrisks.PartVITranslation(20minutes，10points)许多人认为向低碳经济的转型会带来前所未有的经济机遇。信息革命伊始，很少有人会想到它将对社会产生怎样广泛深远的影响，而如今，我们简直难以想象没有了现代信息技术生活将会怎样。谷歌、雅虎、亚马逊等公司已成为全球最成功的企业。我们如今正置身低碳革命的起跑线上，那些已经步人低碳之路的企业正在看到低碳带来的诸多益处，如新市场、新客户和费用与风险的降低等。PartVITranslation(20minutes,10points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Japanesebusinessesaredividedintotwomaincategories.Thefirstisthat"ofthemajorcorporationsthatworkcloselywiththeMinis-tryofInternationalTradeandIndustry.TheselargeJapanesecorporationsemployapproximatelyonethirdoftheJapaneseworkforce.Approximately30percentofJapanesefirmsareinthiscategory.Thesecondcategory,comprising70percentofJapanesefirms,isthatofsmallerbusinessesemployingtheothertwothirdsoftheworkforce.Smallercompaniesoftenhavetiestothelargecompaniesanddosubcontractingwork.Companiesinthesecondcategorydonotofferlifetimeemployment.Forthemajorcompanies,theadvantageofsub-contractingisthatintimesofrecessiontheycanreducetheirorderstosubcontractorsandavoidhavingtofiretheirownemployees．PartVITranslation(20minutes，10points)日本公司分为两大类。一类是在业务上与国际贸易和工业部来往密切的大公司。这些日本大公司雇用本国大约1／3的劳动力。日本约30％的公司属于这一类。第二类公司规模小，雇用其余2／3的劳动力，占日本公司总数的709，6。小型公司常与大公司有业务往来，承做些分包业务。这类小型公司不提供终身工作。对于大型公司来说，他们派分包业务的优势是：在萧条时期可以少派给小公司的分包订单以避免自己裁减员工。
