非谓语动词 动词不定式泰山外国语学校 韩英华 （一）动词不定式构成形式 主动语态与被动语态一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing to be being done 完成式 to have done to have been done （二）。在句中的功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语1. 作主语（多用 it 来作形式宾语。另外，还要注意不定式作主语与祈使句的区别。）e.g.:1). To see once is better than to hear a hundred times. It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times. 2). It is important for us to learn English 2. 作宾语1).He offered to go with us. ( 作及物动词的宾语 )2).I don’t know what to do. （在 tell, know, show, understand, explain, teach, learn, discuss 等词后常用疑问词 (what, who, when, where, how…) +to do 的形势作宾语） 3).They found it impossible to get everything ready in advance. ( 当不定式作宾语而又带有补语时，这时要用it 作形势宾语 )4). We could do nothing but wait. / We have no choice but to wait ( 若介词 but 之前有实意动词 do 的任何一种形式， but 后用不带 to 的不定式，否则，则用带 to 的不定式 ) 3. 作补语 watch, see ,observe listen to, hear, feel, make, let, have, would rather + V. 原形，但在被动语态里面，则要加上 to ) I often hear him sing this song He is often heard to sing this song 4. 作定语1). I have a question to ask. ( 作定于修饰 a question, 主语 I 是 to ask 的动作执行者 )2) I’m free now. Do you have something to be washed, Mum? （作定语修饰 something, 主语 you 不是 to be washed 的动作执行者） 3).He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (the only, the best, +to do) 4). Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us（用来修是一些抽象名词，常见的有 ability, chance, answer, way, attempt,等） 5. 作补语1). He found the sentence easy to understand2).His speech was ill-formed and not to be pleasant to hear.3)...
