Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Section Ⅲ Grammar 动词不定式和but＋不定式语法图解探究发现①Experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms. ②There was nothing to be done.③The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. ④When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out.⑤It is difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. ⑥To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. ⑦My job is to teach. ⑧I can do nothing but wait at home. ⑨She has no choice but to give in.[我的发现](1)①～⑦句中，不定式在句中分别充当宾语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语、状语和表语。③句中，it 为形式宾语；⑤ 句中，it 为形式主语。(2)由④句可知，不定式的否定式为 not_to_do。由②句可知，不定式的被动式为to_be_done。(3)由⑧⑨句可知，不定式在介词 but 后面时，如果 but 之前有行为动词 do 的各种形式，则介词后的不定式不带 to，否则带 to。一、动词不定式(一)动词不定式的时态和语态语态时态 主动被动一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing/完成式to have doneto have been done1．不定式的一般式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动词同时(几乎同时)发生或在谓语动词之后发生。I hope to see you next week.我希望下周能见到你。I’d like to be told what’s going on.我希望被告知正在发生什么。2．不定式的进行式：表示不定式的动作正在进行且与谓语动词同时发生。I happened to be watching TV when she called.她打电话来时，我恰巧正在看电视。3．不定式的完成式：表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。They seem to have cleaned the house.他们似乎已经打扫过这个房子了。The factory is reported to have been burnt down.据报道这家工厂已经被烧毁了。[即时演练 1] 用所给词的适当形式填空①He pretended to_have_fallen (fall) asleep when little Tom came to him. ②The student seems to_have_caught (catch) a cold because of the bad weather. ③He seems to_b...
