Module3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication Background readings 外研版必修4VIP专享

Module3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication Part Two Teaching ResourcesSection 1 Background readings 1. communication Communication is the transfer of information from one person to another. Most of us spend about 75 percent of our waking hours communicating our knowledge, thoughts, and ideas to others. However, most of us fail to realize that a great deal of our communication is of a non-verbal form as opposed to the oral and written forms. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, eye contact, tone of voice, body posture and motions, and positioning within groups. It may also include the way we wear our clothes or the silence we keep.Today, many researchers are concerned with the information sent by communication that is independent of and different from verbal information; namely, the non-verbal communication. Verbal communication is organized by language; non-verbal communication is not.2. MuslimA Muslim is an adherent of Islam. Literally, the word means someone who has submitted/surrendered himself or herself to the will of God. Most Muslims accept as a fellow Muslim anyone who has sincerely pronounced the Shahada, a ritual declaration of submission to God and assertion that Muhammad is the last prophet. Muslims describe many Biblical figures, such as Musa (Moses) and Isa (Jesus), as Muslims because they submitted completely to God.3. Body language and idiomBody language is a very powerful tool of communication, not only between people but in the animal world as well.In many instances, we produce idioms which are all understandable by borrowing examples from animal communication.For example, we know that a frightened cat will arch (拱起) its back high in rigid curve (拱形). From this starting-point we might hear the expression, “He gets my back up!” meaning “He makes me angry.”In the same manner, we know that many animals, if challenged by attackers, will not turn and run away because this will encourage the attacker to attack them more forcefully, instead, they will move backwards slowly to get out of harm's way, always still facing their attacker．We call this action “backing off(让步，退缩)” and it can be used just as well with humans as with animals.In the case of humans, however, the back-off may not be physical but oral, as in using a kinder tone of voice and gentler words instead of fighting against the attackers.（Just back off and let us do this on our own, will you?）用心 爱心 专心 125 号编辑 1