PeriodThreeGrammar,Speaking&Writing一、同位语从句的定义1.在主从复合句中,跟在一个名词(尤其是抽象名词)后对其做出进一步解释说明的从句叫同位语从句。2.能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名词。Iwasshockedatthenewsthatourteamwonthegame.我被我们队赢了比赛这个消息震惊了。Ihavenoideawhatheisdoingnow.我不知道他现在正在干什么。即时跟踪1用适当的连接词填空(1)Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.(2)Heaskedaquestionwhenweshouldhavetheparty,todayortomorrow.二、同位语从句的引导词类别例词说明从属连词that,whether二者均在从句中不作成分;that无实义,whether意为“是否”。连接代词who,what,whom,whose有实义,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。连接副词when,where,how,why有实义,在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。I’mnotsureaboutthequestionwhetherhewillcome.对于他来不来这个问题,我不太确定。Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.关于谁会接替他的职位目前还不清楚。[即时跟踪2]用适当的连接词填空(1)Ihavesmalldoubtwhetherheissuitableforthejob.(2)Theproblemwhyshewassosadmadeuspuzzled.1三、同位语从句应注意的几个问题1.分隔式同位语从句:有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开,从而形成分隔式同位语从句,这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻。WordcamethatwewouldhavelessonsonSaturday.有消息传来,我们星期六要上课。2.名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request,desire,proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+do”,should可省略。We’dbetteraccepthissuggestionthatwe(should)makegooduseofeveryminute.我们最好接受他的建议,好好利用每一分钟。3.名词doubt(怀疑)后可跟同位语从句,若用于肯定句中时用whether引导;若用于否定句中时则用that引导。Thereissomedoubtwhethertheywillcometohelpus.他们是否能来帮助我们还不确定。There’snodoubtthatTaiwanbelongstoChina.毫无疑问台湾是中国的领土。即时跟踪3单句改错(1)Ihavesomedoubthewillpassthedrivingtest;hehasn’ttrainedmuch.(2)Thesuggestionthattheoperationto或bedoneimmediatelyisquitepractical.四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.同位语从句对先行词作进一步的解释或补充说明;而定语从句对先行词起修饰或限制的作用。TheforeignerexpressedthehopethathewouldcometoChinaagain.(同位语从句)I’llrememberthehopethattheforeignerexpressedtome.(定语从句)2.同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词,而定语从句的先行词无此限制。Thepossibilitythatscientistscancloneamanmaycometrue.(同位语从句)Thisisthehorsethatthescientistcloned.(定语从句)3.that引导同位语从句在句中不作成分,通常不能省略,只起连接作用。that引导定语从句时为关系代词,它除了起连接作用外,在从句中还要充当某一成分(如主语、宾语等),作宾语时可以省略。Hemadeapromisetohissonthathewillbuyabikeforhim.(同位语从句)Istillrememberthepromise(that)hemade.(定语从句)4.当when,why,where和how引导同位语从句时,它们为连接副词,虽然在句中它们充当句子成分,但前面却没有与其意义相当的先行词。而在定语从句中它们为关系副词,在其前面分别有表示时间、原因、地点或方式意义的名词作先行词。Theproblemarousedwherewecouldgetsomanychairsinthesmallvillage.(同位语从句)Thevillagersbuiltaschoolintheplacewherethereusedtobeatemple.(定语从句)即时跟踪4写出下列句子为同位语从句还是定语从句2(1)Thereportmakespeopleworriedthatsometeenagegirlssmokeasmuchasboysinsomemiddleschools.同位语从句(2)ThisisthereportthatthejournalistsenttousfromtheYangtzeRiver.定语从句用适当的连接词填空1.Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatwes...