Module5GreatpeopleandGreatInventionofAncientChinaAlongwithsilkandpaper，gunpowderisanotherinventionbyChineseandtheSilkRoadhelpeditspreadtotheWest.Thedatingofgunpowderisasearlyas850AD.TheChineseusedgunpowdertomakefireworksandforsignalflares.Gunpowderwasalsothoughttohavebeenusedinmedicineandinalchemy.ThisinventionseemstohavebeendiscoveredinChinabyaccident—byalchemistswhendoingexperiments.Thegunpowderusedformilitarypurposewasfirstrecordedin919AD.Bythe11thcentury，explosivebombsfilledwithgunpowderwereintroducedandusedinChina.Thewords“firecannon”“rocket”and“fireball”appearedtimeandagainintheofficialSonghistoryaswellastwootherbookswrittenduringthesameperiod.Thefirstdetaileddescriptionofusingthe“firecannon”inwarfarewasinconnectionwithabattlefoughtin1126whentheSongarmyuseditagainsttheinvadingenemy.Thesocalled“firecannon”wasatubemadeofbamboofilledwithgunpowderwhich，whenfired，threwaflamingmissiletowardstheenemy.Accordingtoadescriptionofabattlescenein1132，ittooktwopersonstocarrya“firecannon”，andthecannonswerefiredfromamovingplatform.Andthisplatformhadtobemovedclosetothewallofthebesiegedcity.TheChineseinventionofgunpowderreachedJapan，theIslamiccountriesandthenEuropeinthe13thcenturyandtheArabsimprovedgunpowderformilitaryuse.TheearlyaccountofgunpowderinEuropewasrecordedbyEnglishphilosopherRogerBaconinthe13thcentury.OnecenturylatertheArabsusedittoattacktheSpanishtownBazaandthenextyearin1326Florenceorderedthemanufacturingofcannonandcannonballs.FromItalythemakingofgunpowdersoonspreadtootherEuropeancountries，andbythe1350sithadbecomeaneffectiveweapononthebattlefield.1.alchemyn.炼金术2.alchemistn.炼金术士3.explosiveadj.爆炸性的，会爆炸的4.cannonn.大炮5.missiblen.投射物6.besiegedadj.被包围的，被围攻的Answerthefollowingquestions1.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?Gunpowder2.ListthecountriestheChineseinventionofgunpowderreached.(1)Japan(2)Islamiccountries(3)EuropeancountriesPeriodOneIntroduction&ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.单词检测1.equaladj.平等的2.importancen.重要；重要性importantadj.重要的3.philosophern.哲学家philosophyn.哲学4.teachingn.(常作复数)教导；学说teachvt.讲授；教授teachern.教师5.thinkern.思想家thinkvt.想；思索；认为thoughtn.思考；想法6.kindnessn.善良kindadj.仁慈的；善良的7.ordern.秩序8.principlen.原则；准则9.positionn.职位10.stressvt.强调11.resignvi.辞职12.advisern.顾问advisevt.劝告；建议advicen.忠告；建议13.influentialadj.有影响的influencen.&v.影响14.loven.仁爱Ⅱ.短语检测1.besimilarto与……相似2.atwarwith与……交战3.bringup养育，抚养；提出4.followone’sadvice采纳某人的建议5.be/becomefamousfor因……而出名6.insomeways在某些方面7.bedifferentfrom与……不同8.be/becomeinterestedin对……感兴趣Ⅰ.课文阅读理解1.WhatisthemainideaofConfuciusaccordingtothepassage?A.Kindness，dutyandorderinsocietyareveryimportant.B.Governmentismoreimportantthanitspeople.C.Allmenarecreatedequal.D.Allmenareborngood.答案A2.WhatwasthepossiblerelationshipbetweenConfuciusandMencius?A.Teacherandstudent.B.MenciuswasthefollowerofConfucius’sideas.C.Theyallworkedforthesamestate.D.Nothingrelatedatall.答案B3.InwhichwaywasMozi’sideathesameasthatofConfucius?A.Menshouldbekind.B.Menwerebornequal.C.Governmentshouldbemoreemphasizedthanitspeople.D.Peopleweremoreimportantthanthegovernment.答案C4.InMencius’sopinion，whichwasthemostimportant，thegovernment，therulerorthepeople?A.Thegovernment.B.Theruler.C.Thepeople....
