•Introduction•Englishnamesforalkanecompo•Englishnamesforolefinsand•Englishnamesforalcohols,pHCoursebackgroundandobjectiveCourseBackgroundIntroducethecoursebackground,includingthedevelopmentandapplicationfieldsoforganicchemistry.ObjectiveClarifythecourseobjectives,whicharetohelpstudentsmastertheEnglishnamesandbasicknowledgeoforganicchemicals.OverviewofOrganizationalCompounds010203DefinitionClassificationOccupancyandApplicationsIntroducethedefinitionandListtheclassificationmethodsfororganicchemicals,suchasfunctionalgroups,carbonchainlengths,etc.Introducethesourcesandcharacteristicsoforganicchemicals.applicationsoforganicchemicalsinnatureandpracticalapplications.TheImportanceofLearningEnglishNamesofOrganizationalCompoundsCommunicationEmphasizetheimportanceofmasteringtheEnglishnamesoforganicchemicalstofacilitateinternationalcommunicationandcooperation.AcademicResearchInthefieldofacademicresearch,masteringEnglishnameshelpstoobtainandunderstandcutting-edgeresearchresults.CareerDevelopmentExplaintheimportanceofbeingfamiliarwiththeEnglishnamesoforganicchemicalsinone'scareerforengaginginrelatedfieldsofwork.BasicconceptsandstructuralfeaturesSaturatedhydrocarbonsAlkanesaresaturatedhydrocarbonswithsinglecarbonbondsandgeneralformulaCnH2n+2StructuralfeaturesTheycanbelinear,branched,orcyclical,withvaryingcarbonchainlengthsandbranchingpatternsNamingrulesandcaseanalysis•Prefixes:Useprefixessuchas"method-","eth-","prop-","but-",etc.,toindicatethenumberofcarbonatomsinthelongestcontinuouschainNamingrulesandcaseanalysisSuffixes010203Addsuffixeslike"-one"toindicateoccupancyandidentifythecompoundasanalbumSubjectsForbranchedalkanes,namethesubsidiaries(alkylgroups)beforetheparentchain,usingnumberstolocatethemalongthechainCaseanalysisDistinguishingbetween"isomers"(compoundswiththesamemolecularformulabutdifferentstructures)bycarefullyexaminingtheirbranchingpatternsandapplyingthenamingrulesaccordingtoSummaryofEnglishNamesofCommonAlkanes010203Mechanism:CH4Ethane:C2H6Propane:C3H8SummaryofEnglishNamesofCommonAlkanes•Butanes:n-Butane(C4H10)andisobutane(C4H10)•Pentans:n-Pentane(C5H12),isopentane(C5H12),andneopentane(C5H12)•Hexanes:n-Hexane(C6H14),2-methylpentane(C6H14),3-methylpentane(C6H14),and2,2-dimethylbutane(C6H14)•Note:ThisisjustabriefoverviewofEnglishnamesforalkanesTheactualcoursewareshouldcovermoreexamples,detailedexplanations,andexercisestofacilitatelearningandmasterofthesubjectBasicconceptsandstructuralOlefinsHydrocarbonswithcarboncarbondoublebonds,alsoknownasunsaturatedhydrocarbonsTheyareclassifiedintoaccountsandalkynesaccordingtothenumberofdoublebondsStructuralfeaturesThecarboncarbondoublebondisthemostimportantstructuralfeatureofolefins,whichdeterminestheiruniquechemicalreactivityandphysicalpropertiesThedoublebondcancausegeometricisomerismandcistransisomerismNamingrulesandcaseanalysis•Namingrules:TheIUPAC(InternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry)systemiscommonlyusedtonameolefinsThenamingofalkenesandalkynesfollowssimilarrules,withthesuffix"-ene"or"-yne"addedtoindicatethepresenceofadoubleortriplebondThelongestcontinuouschainofcarbonatomscontainingthedoubleortriplebondisselectedastheparentchain,andthedoubleortriplebondisindicatedbylocatingthelowestpossiblenumberSubjectsarethennamedandnumberedinalphabeticalorderbeforetheparentnameNamingrulesandcaseanalysis•Caseanalysis:Takethen(C2...
