SectionⅢGrammar—虚拟语气（1）语法图解虚拟语气(1)探究发现①Ifyouwereheadofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning?②Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn'thavebeensowonderful.③Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained,thecropswouldbesaved.④HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.⑤Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.⑥ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldcallonher.⑦Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning,theywouldbeherenow.⑧Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,weshouldn'tdaretodotheexperimentnextweek.⑨Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavesucceeded.⑩Shewasn'tfeelingwell.Otherwiseshewouldn'thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.[我的发现](1)①②③句为if引导的非真实条件句的三种基本形式。(2)④⑤⑥句为省略if的虚拟条件句。(3)⑦⑧句中，主句与从句动作所发生的时间不一致，称之为错综时间条件句。(4)⑨⑩句中，假设的条件不用if条件从句表示，而是通过介词短语but_for或副词otherwise等表达出来，这类句子叫“含蓄条件句”。一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法情况从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be的过去式用were)would/should/could/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反一般过去时(be的过去式用were)should＋动词原形wereto＋动词原形would/should/could/might＋动词原形Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtakethebeautifuldressformydaughter.如果我的钱够的话，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的衣服。(与现在事实相反)Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早点起床，你就会赶上火车了。(与过去事实相反)Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting.如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)[即时演练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①IfIhadenoughmoneynow,Iwould_buy(buy)acar.②Ifwehad_driven(drive)inturn,youwouldn'thavegotsotired.③Ifitwere_to_snow(snow)tomorrow,wewouldtakephotos.二、虚拟条件的三种特殊形式1．省略if的虚拟语气虚拟条件句中若含有were,had或should，可以把if省略，把were,had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装。WereitSundaytomorrow,weshouldgototheGreatWall.要是明天是星期日，我们就能去长城了。ItmighthavesavedmesometroublehadIknowntheschedule.要是我知道安排可能会省去一些麻烦。Shoulditraintomorrow,theflightmightbeputoff.如果明天下雨，航班就有可能被推迟。[名师点津]若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式，则不能用动词的缩略形式。我们可以说“Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.”但不能说“Weren'titfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.”。[即时演练2]句型转换①Ifyouhadgonetotheexhibition,youwouldhaveenjoyedit.→Had_you_gonetotheexhibition,youwouldhaveenjoyedit.②IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.→Had_I_knownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.③Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays.→Should_it_raintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays.2．错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，条件从句中谓语可以和主句中的谓语发生时间不一致，这时从句和主句要根据各自所发生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式。Ifithadnotbeenforhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.如果不是前几天他的邀请，现在我不会在这里。(从句表示过去，主句表示现在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetohisbirthdaypartyyesterday.如果我是你，我昨天就去参加他的生日宴会了。(从句表示现在，主句表示过去)[即时演练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Ifyouhad_listened(listen)tomeyesterday,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.②IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldhaveplantedsometr...
